توضيحات قواعدية
الفرق بين استخدام (when ) و (How long ) ,,, و (for ) و (since )
1-يأتي بعد (when ) ماضي بسيط اما (How long ) مضارع تام
When + past simple , How long + present perfect
كما في الامثلة التالية :-
A:When did it start raining?
B:It started raining an our ago / at one o'clock .
A:How long has it been raining ?
B: It has been raining for an hour / since one o'clock .
2- الفرق بين (For ) و (since )
نستخدم (for ) و (since ) للقول كم المدة التي بها شيء ما حدث .we use both For and Since to say how long something has been happening .
1-نستخدم (For ) عندما نوضح فترة الزمن مثل ( two hours , six weeks ….. )
حسب الامثلة التالية
I have been waiting for two hours .
يأتي بعد (For ) العبارات التالية :-
For two hours
For 20 minutes
For five days
For six months
For a long time
For ages
For years
2- نستخدم (Since ) عندما نوضح ذلك بداية الفترة الزمنية مثل (since 8 o'clock , since Monday , since 1991 …….)
كما في المثال التالي :-
I've been waiting since 8 o'clock .
الزمن الذي يأتي بعد (since ) يكون ماضي بسيط .
الامثلة Since 8 o'clock
Since Monday
Since 12 May
Since April
Since 1997
Since They were at school
ملاحظات مهمة :-
من المحتمل ان تترك الجملة بدون (for ) لكن ليس عادة بالجمل المنفية .It is possible to leave out (For) . (but not usually in negative sentences )
كما في الامثلة :-
They have been married (for) ten years. (with or without For) مع ا وبدون for لكن لا حظ المثال التالي
They haven’t had a holiday for ten years. يجب ان تستخدم for
You must use (For)
ملاحظة مهمة
لا نستخدم for + all We don’t use
كما في الامثلة التالية :
I have lived here all my life .
(not for all my life )