Electron ( in English : Electron) (symbol: - e) or Alkherb is an atomic particle without almost spherical component of the atom and carries an electrical charge is negative
the characteristics of dual wave - particle in quantum mechanics , so he can collide with other particles Vinhrv like light. But because of the small mass of the electron, the duplication that better reflected in laboratory experiments. Since they fall under the family Faramaon, according to the Pauli exclusion principle can not be to take their two electrons to the same quantum state .
Many physical phenomena, such as electricityand magnetism, and thermal conductivity , the electrons have a key role in it. An electron in motion for the observer generates a magnetic field , as well as the external magnetic fields make it deviate. When an electron moves it absorbs or produces energy in the form of photons. Electrons surrounding the nucleus consisting of protonsand neutrons , and they shall be all the corn, though the electron contributes less than 0.06% of the total mass of the atom. Cause attractiveCoulomb force between the electron and the proton that makes the electrons associated with atoms.Valtpadl or sharing of electrons between atoms is the main cause of the chemical bonds
Only theories, most of the electrons have formed at the moment of the Big Bang ,

Equivalent static mass of the electron almost 9.109x10-31kg , or 5.489 x 10 -4 amu . On the basis of the principle of Einstein'sequal matter and energy , and mass are compatible with those of static energy0.511 MeV . The mass roughly equivalent to 1836/1 of the proton mass [9][67] . The astronomical measurements show that the ratio of the proton mass - electron is the same value since half the age of the universe , as is expected in the standard model .
Equivalent to the electric charge of the Xtronat -1.602 x 10 -19 Coulomb , which is a unit of standard shipping for subatomic particles. In the limits of experimental accuracy, the electron charge matching and opposite to the proton charge . The code uses e as cargo initial electron and symbolizes usually indicated by e ⁻ , where the minus symbol indicates a negative charge. The positron symbolizes e + because it has the same characteristics of the electron but positively charged .
The electron angular momentum or winding real 1 / 2 . And determines that property when referring to both a particle electron wrap1 / 2 . Rewinding size of these particles is √ 3 / 2ħ [information] 3 . As a result of measuring the drop lapping around any axis not be only ± ħ / 2 . In addition to tweaking the electron has a magnetic moment along the real axis twisting [66] . It is equal to one Bohr magneton almost ​​, a physical constant equal to9.274 0 09 1 5 (23) x 10 -24 Gul Per Tesla . Only the momentum of the electron determines the direction of coiling property of elementary particles known as spiral
No detailed structure of the electron is known . So he knows or is described as a serious bullet with a point charge does not have a space where I am .It has been observed that the upper limit of the radius of a single electron in the trap Benning is 10 -22 meters . While the value of a fixed radius of the electron traditional physicist is 2.8179 x 10 -15 m and this is much higher than the previous value. But the value of the term came from a calculation of the electron charge simplified by thermodynamics and ignoring the effects of quantum mechanics (ie, that perception Old but nevertheless still fit for use in the calculations).Though in fact there is no relationship, including the so-called conventional radius of the electron with the real infrastructure of the electron.
There are elementary particlesdecay automatically to particles less massive. An example of this Almiwon which decays into an electron and neutrinoand the antithesis AlenetrinoThe average age2.2 x 10 -6 seconds. However, it is believed that the electron be stable on the basis of a theory: An electron is less massive particles with a shipment of Asfria, so Vadmahlalha violates the law of survival of the cargo. The minimum pilot for a lifetime of electron 26 years 10x4.6 confidence level is estimated at 90%
Electron generates an electric field so that it exercises the power to attract the positively charged particles Kalbrooton and centrifugal force on the particles a negative charge. And determines the Coulomb's law inverse square of the distance with the strength of that force . When an electron is in motion, it generatesa magnetic field . And connects Ampere's law - Maxwell magnetic field movement of the mass of the electron ( AC ), induction Fajasih that gives a magnetic field in order to work the electric motor . The law expresses latency Leonard - Vichert( en ) for the electromagnetic field of the random motion of the particles, and the law gives the correct reading even when close to the speed of the speed of light particles ( relative ).
The electron is subject to the Lorentz force when it moves within a magnetic field is practiced by the impact perpendicular to the path defined by the magnetic field and the speed of the electron. And directed the force of attraction that electron tends to spiral path through the field in the so-called circle radius as the radius of the gyro (gyroradius). This induces acceleration of the movement of the electron curvature that radiates energy in the form of synchrotron radiation . And cause the emission of energy in turn bounce the electron known as the Lorentz force - Abraham - Dirac which creates friction slows the electron. The reason that force is the reverse reaction of the field on the electron itself
The strength of the Coulomb electron-attracting binds to the nucleus of the atom. And called the process of linking several electrons as the system kernel corn. The different number of electrons on the nuclear charge electric, the corn in that case called ion . There is a function called atomic orbital described the behavior of the electron wave vector. And each has its own set orbital quantum numbers such as angular momentum, energy and angular momentum projection, there are a separate set of those orbits around the nucleus show. Accordingto the Pauli exclusion principle , each orbital occupied by as many as two electrons, which must differ in the number of quantum spin .
Electrons are able to navigate through the different orbits through the absorption of photons or sent a card compatible with the voltage variation . There are other ways to navigate, such as collisions with orbital electrons and also Auger effect . In order for the electron to escape from the atom, the energy must be higher than the energy linked to corn. This happens with the photoelectric effect as an example where the electron absorbs the photon abroad, which exceeded the ionization energy of the atom .
Orbital angular momentum of the electrons is quantitative . Because the electron has a charge, it produces an orbital magnetic torque is directly proportional to the angular momentum. Output is the net magnetic moment of the atom is equal to the total force directed to wrap Alzachom magnetic and orbital electrons and for all Noathm.Vzachm magnetic core is negligible compared with electrons. The paired electrons (which are in the same orbit), the magnetic Zachmanma cancel each other .