هنا

[Pure]

Definition:
Infinitive is the base form of the verb. The infinitive form of a verb is the form which follows "to".

التعريف: صيغة المصدر هو الشكل الأساسي للفعل. شكل صيغة المصدر من الفعل هو الشكل الذي يتبع "to".

For example:

على سبيل المثال:

(to) go, (to) be,(to) ask, (to) fight, (to) understand, (to) walk .
Infinitives may occur with or without the infinitive marker "to".

Infinitives without "to" are known as "bare infinitives".

For example:

Help me open the door.

لِ يذهب ، لِ يكون ، لِ يسأل ، لِ يقاتل ، لِ يسأل ،......

*في بعض الاحيان نجد المصادر بدون (to) وتعرف عند ذلك ب "المصادر المجرده او الخاليه"


OTHER FORMS

صيغ اخرى
The infinitive can have the following forms:
المصدر قد يأتي بالصيغ التاليه :

The perfect infinitive-1
المصدر التام

to have + past participle


For example:
على سبيل المثال

to have broken, to have seen, to have saved.


This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect.
هذا النوع هو الاكثر شيوعاً من بين الانواع الاخرى ، نجده في النوع 3- الجمل الشرطيه, الجمل الشرطيه التامه.


For example:

If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake.

Someone must have broken the window and climbed in.

I would like to have seen the Taj Mahal when I was in India.

He pretended to have seen the film.

If I'd seen the ball I would have caught it.


The continuous infinitive-2
صيغة المصدر المستمر

to be + present participle

For example:

to be swimming, to be joking, to be waiting

Examples:
I'd really like to be swimming in a nice cool pool right now.

You must be joking!

I happened to be waiting for the bus when the accident happened.


The perfect continuous infinitive-3
صيغة المصدر التام المستمر


to have been + present participle

Examples: to have been crying, to have been waiting, to have been painting

Examples:

The woman seemed to have been crying.

You must have been waiting for hours!

He pretended to have been painting all day.



The passive infinitive-4
صيغة المصدر المبني للمجهول

to be + past participle

For example: to be given, to be shut, to be opened

Examples:


I am expecting to be given a pay-rise next month.

These doors should be shut.

This window ought to be opened.


*
NOTE: As with the present infinitive, there are situations where the "to" is omitted.

*
ملاحظة: كما هو الحال مع صيغة المصدر المضارع ، هناك حالات حيث "to" محذوفا.

Examples

He claimed to be an expert.

I managed to reach the top of the hill.

Don't pretend that you know the answer.

She failed to explain the problem clearly.

The customs man demanded to search our luggage.

I can't afford to go out tonight.

[برزخ]

Thank you