Conjunctions
Conjunctions
Definition
A conjunction is a word or words used to show the relationship between one notion and another notion.
There are two main types of conjunction:
the coordinative conjunction, which joins phrases of equal importance and rank, and the subordinative conjunction, which joins a phrase with another phrase that is dependant on it.
Coordinative Conjunctions
A coordinative conjunction joins two sentences together that do not rely on each other for meaning.
We can split the co-ordinative conjunctions into four smaller groups: the cumulative, the alternative, the adversative, and the illative.
Cumulative
A cumulative conjunction is used to add one thought to another.
Examples of cumulative conjunctions include**
and
both...and
not only
but also
as well as
Alternative
Used to indicate a choice between one notion and another
. For example:
or
either...or
else
otherwise
Adversative
Used to contrast one notion and another.
but
yet
however
nonetheless
despite
still
Illative
These show that one notion is implied, inferred or proved by another.
then
thus
therefore
so
for
Subordinating conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions express relationships of time, manner, cause or reason, comparison condition or purpose.
They are used to introduce subordinate clauses that are not complete
Conjunctive adverbs
A conjunctive adverb is an adverb that connects two clauses. Conjunctive adverbs show cause and effect, sequence, contrast, comparison, or other relationships.
Punctuation
The following rules are considered to be correct punctuation for conjunctive adverbs:
Use a semicolon or period before the conjunctive adverb to separate two independent clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb.
A conjunctive adverb is not strong enough to join two independent clauses without the aid of a semicolon.
Use a comma following the conjunctive adverb when it appears at the beginning of the second clause unless the adverb is one syllable.
Like other adverbs, conjunctive adverbs may move around in the clause (or sentence) in which they appear.
When they appear at the end of the clause, they are preceded by a comma.
If they appear in the middle of the clause, they are normally enclosed in commas, though this rule is not absolute and is not always applied to very short clauses.
Examples
He can leap tall buildings in a single bound; furthermore, Dwight Schrute is a hog.1
He can leap tall buildings in a single bound. Furthermore, Dwight Schrute is a hog.2
He went to the store; however, he did not buy anything.3
He went to the store. He did not buy anything.4
I sat down alongside Adam; henceforth, he sang.5
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